Muhammad Shoyab
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| Blog Name: | Muhammad Shoyab |
| Url: | http://shoyab.blogspot.com |
| Language: | English |
| Topics: | Education, Religion, Myself |
| Description: | My site is a compilation of myself - what I am, what I think, how I feel, what I have learned and what I would like to help or motivate others to learn or think. The academic content of this site are my very own notes that I prepared in various classes over the years. Where I did not have a note of my own, I have avoided those chapters here. Apart from that, there are content of the more "personal" type, consisting of my thoughts, ideas or feelings. In all cases, I have tried to make this site MY site, with material that are my very own. Things that are not 'mine' in that sense but nonetheless form the foundations of my philosophy or vision of life are presented in boxes in the sidebar and elsewhere. I would very much want my visitors to read the boxes and ponder over their message. |
| Popularity: | 1 Followers |
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electron affinity
The first electron affinity of an element is the energy change that occurs when one electron is added to each of one mole of gaseous atoms of the element to convert them to one mole of gaseous mononegative ions. E (g) + e— ———> E— (g) ΔH = EA1 The second electron affinity of an element is the energy change that occurs when one electron is added to each of one mole of gaseous mononegative ions of
The first electron affinity of an element is the energy change that occurs when one electron is added to each of one mole of gaseous atoms of the element to convert them to one mole of gaseous mononegative ions. E (g) + e— ———> E— (g) ΔH = EA1 The second electron affinity of an element is the energy change that occurs when one electron is added to each of one mole of gaseous mononegative ions of
radiology of upper limb
In the upper limbs, imaging is mainly done to see the bones, so plain X-ray is sufficient. Blood vessels can be visualised by special contrast media, if needed. Fracture lines are irregular and asymmetric. Epiphyseal lines are regular and symmetric. X-Ray Views SHOULDER * Anteroposterior * Inferosuperior (with shoulder joint abducted and rotated; X-ray is directed upwards through axilla)
In the upper limbs, imaging is mainly done to see the bones, so plain X-ray is sufficient. Blood vessels can be visualised by special contrast media, if needed. Fracture lines are irregular and asymmetric. Epiphyseal lines are regular and symmetric. X-Ray Views SHOULDER * Anteroposterior * Inferosuperior (with shoulder joint abducted and rotated; X-ray is directed upwards through axilla)
imaging of lower limb
Radiologically, the "inferior extremity" starts from the sacroiliac joint. Technology Chiefly, plain X-ray. Contrast X-ray only for : * angiogram (arteriogram; venogram for varicose veins) * lymphogram Ultrasonogram only for soft tissue. - Colour doppler can be done for soft tissue (arterio- / veno- / lymphogram, etc) CT (limited use) / MRI : specialised use, such as * in joint pathology (
Radiologically, the "inferior extremity" starts from the sacroiliac joint. Technology Chiefly, plain X-ray. Contrast X-ray only for : * angiogram (arteriogram; venogram for varicose veins) * lymphogram Ultrasonogram only for soft tissue. - Colour doppler can be done for soft tissue (arterio- / veno- / lymphogram, etc) CT (limited use) / MRI : specialised use, such as * in joint pathology (
integrated metabolism
Absorptive State Starvation CRITERIA Plasma Nutrient Levels Increased glucose, AA and TAG Decrease Hormones Increased insulinDecreased glucagon Decreased insulinIncreased glucagon Metabolic Nature ANABOLICsynthesis of glycogen, protein, TAG CATABOLICbreakdown of glycogen, protein, TAG Fuel Source / Store Glucose Glycogen, TAG.+ 1/3 of body protein in severe starvation Metabolic
Absorptive State Starvation CRITERIA Plasma Nutrient Levels Increased glucose, AA and TAG Decrease Hormones Increased insulinDecreased glucagon Decreased insulinIncreased glucagon Metabolic Nature ANABOLICsynthesis of glycogen, protein, TAG CATABOLICbreakdown of glycogen, protein, TAG Fuel Source / Store Glucose Glycogen, TAG.+ 1/3 of body protein in severe starvation Metabolic
glandular epithelium
Glandular epithelia are tissues formed by cells specialised for secretion. The glandular epithelia can secrete protein, lipid or complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. The secretory products are stored in membrane-bound vesicles called secretory granules. A gland is a large, complex, aggregate of glandular epithelial cells. The basal region of glandular cells is basophilic due to the
Glandular epithelia are tissues formed by cells specialised for secretion. The glandular epithelia can secrete protein, lipid or complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. The secretory products are stored in membrane-bound vesicles called secretory granules. A gland is a large, complex, aggregate of glandular epithelial cells. The basal region of glandular cells is basophilic due to the
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